Abstract

Backgrounds: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by ovarian dysfunction, elevated androgen levels, metabolic disturbances, and hyperinsulinemia. Aim of the study: In this study, we tried to measure whether there is any correlation between serum Regucalcin (RGN) levels with Insulin Resistance (IR) and Testosterone in PCOS patients. Materials and methods: This study included 42 patients from the Al-Anbar governorate who were recruited from private clinics, along with 42 healthy individuals who served as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine serum levels of RGN and F. Testosterone (F.Test), while fasting serum glucose (FSG), and fasting serum insulin (FSI) were determined by enzymatic colorimetric methods.
Results: Serum level of RGN (ng/mL) was higher in controls than PCOS patients (P<0.0001), while, FSG, body mass index (BMI), F.Test, LH/FSH, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), FSI were higher in PCOS than in controls. The results showed a significant negative correlation between RGN with, FSG, BMI, F. Test, LH/FSH, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), FSI (P <0.0001), A non-significant negative correlation with waist/thoracic (W/T) and Rate of pluses (ROP). The studied parameters demonstrated a descending order of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve: RGN (1), BMI (1), FSG (1), HOMA-IR(1), FSI (0.9977), LH/FSH (0.9819), F.Test (0.9714). The Rreceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicates that RGN, BMI, FSG and HOMA-IR were excellent sensitive markers in the diagnosis of PCOS, while FSI, LH/FSH, and F.Test showed Good discriminatory efficacy between patients with PCOS and healthy individuals.
Conclusion: The study discovered a weak correlation between RGN and IR, as well as testosterone levels. This finding suggests that RGN could be a potential biomarker for detecting PCOS and a useful diagnostic tool for the disease.